Boom plan:
Boom sample essay:
Boom and bust sample essay (only 9 paragraphs long):
Decline essay (12 paragraphs, top marks):
Wednesday 13 December 2023
Thursday 30 November 2023
Essay plan: How did the MBB impact on the CRM?/ Significance of the Civil Rights Movement?
Intro: The MBB was huge for the CRM. It provided them with a template for success. It was the event that brought MLK to prominence. The CRM adopted the effective tactics of the MBB and this led to great success.
1. Desegregated the buses in Montgomery
2. Organisation
3. Role of the Church
4. Non-Violent Protest
5. White reaction
6. Media and tv
7. Courts - supreme court, Earl Warren
8. Figurehead, MLK
9. Belief and Pride.
Conclusion
write about each in relation to the MBB and link/make reference to events that follow it. E.g. White reaction after the bus boycott refer to Bermingham or Selma.
Wednesday 29 November 2023
Sunday 8 October 2023
Wednesday 13 September 2023
Why was the 1916 Rising a (military) failure?
Readings:
What if the guns had landed? | Century Ireland (rte.ie)
Weapons of the 1916 Rising | Century Ireland (rte.ie)
Remembering the 1916 Easter Rising - Day 1: Irish rebels rise | The Irish Post
Remembering the 1916 Easter Rising - Day 2 and 3: The British counterattack | The Irish Post
Remembering the 1916 Easter Rising - Day 4, 5 and 6: Rebel hopes dwindle | The Irish Post
Maynooth men:
Essay Plan
Intro:
P1. Lack of popular support. Most supported Home Rule. Detail HR popularity. IRB small secret organisation.
P2. Lack of armaments. Casement, mission to Germany, failure to secure troops or Irish Division.
P3. Lack of soldiers. Details of volunteers split, MacNeill against rising. Forged castle document and cancelation order. numbers involved. confusion and poor communication.
P4. Goes ahead on the Monday. objective: National uprising or Blood Sacrifice. Seized buildings, read out proclamation, people thought it was a play.
P5. failed tactics. seizing buildings can only have one outcome. failure to do reconnaissance, failure to take Dublin castle, the telephone exchange, to take railways or ports. Digging trenches in St Stephen's Green.
P6. British response. where troops came from, numbers. 20,000. outnumbered 10-1. confined to Dublin, few elsewhere, Ashbourne, Co. Meath, Wexford.
P7. Outgunned. Numbers and nature of weapons. Shelling. 4 artillary guns from Athlone and gun boat Helga.
P8. Surrender. detail the final day, civilian casualties. reason for surrender. Unconditional. reaction of the people and why.
P9. A victory of sorts. actions of the British, executions and internment. Dillion. Turned into Martyrs. Blood Sacrifice prophetic.
Conclusion.
Monday 15 May 2023
Nuremberg Rallies: Geobbels and Leni Riefenstahl
Read the following and plan out your essays on:
https://instituteofeducation.ie/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/HistoryFINAL.pdf
https://www.625points.com/2018/01/history-leaving-cert-goebbels-riefenstahl.html
https://allsaintsacademydunstable.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/15propaganda_and_censorship.pdf
Watch the 2 short videos:
https://classroom.ricksteves.com/videos/nurnberg-the-stage-for-hitler-s-propaganda
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HP5emPFFw1M&t=124s
plan essays on:
1. What contribution did Joseph Goebbels make to Nazi propaganda?
2. What contribution did Leni Riefenstahl make to Nazi propaganda?
Additional reading: For the work above the biographical pages on Geobbels and Riefenstahl will be useful:
Monday 8 May 2023
Nuremberg Rallies
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oIf341owrA&t=408s
The Nuremberg Rallies
Intro: Mass Rallies were an integral part of Nazi organization and propaganda. The most important was the annual party rally in Nuremberg each August or September. Early Rallies were held in Munich (1923) and Weimar (1926). The 1927 rally was held in Nuremberg and after the Nazis took power in 1933 Hitler made Nuremberg the permanent location of the party rallies. He choice the medieval city of Nuremberg because of its links with German History – it was regarded as the unofficial capital of the Holy Roman Empire and some imperial Diets were held there. Hitler said it was “the most German of German cities”. There were also practical reasons, it was centrally located with significant accommodation and it had seven railway lines converging there. Nuremberg was also a strong Nazi base – Julius Streicher, who controlled the local organization, he made Nuremberg the “holy city” of the Nazi movement. The rallies served the purpose of making party members feel valued, enticing new followers to the cause due to the special and organization of the event, to glorify Hitler and promote his cult of personality, celebrate Nazi achievements, and launching new party policies and campaigns.
P1: expansion and architecture
Following the Nazis coming to power in 1933 Hitler declared Nuremberg the “city of the Nazi Party rallies” and all the resources of the state were used to expand the annual Nazi celebration. At the 1933 Rally, Albert Speer, a young architect, became involved in the organization of the rally. He constructed a huge wooden framed eagle behind the podium. In 1934 Hitler asked him to draw up an overall plan for the Nazi grounds, which were 11 km in extent. The area had large open spaces such as the Zeppelin Field (could accommodate 100,000 spectators), the Luitpold Arena (could accommodate 150,000 spectators) and the March Field. The plans also included large buildings such as the congress hall (based on ancient roman architecture). These were linked by the Great Road, 2 km long and 60 metres wide. Construction on the site wasn’t finished before war broke out in 1939. Hitler and Speer wanted to create buildings that would last 1000 years. They wanted to match the great buildings of past civilizations such as those of Ancient Greece and Rome. Hitler believed in Speer’s theory of ‘ruin value’ = that ancient ruins provide proof of the greatness of previous civilizations. Speer = “Our architectural works should also speak to the conscience of a future Germany centuries from now”.
P2: themes of the rallies
Each Rally had a different theme, usually celebrating Nazi achievements or launching Nazi policies. 1933 Rally of Victory. Lenifenstahl filmed Victory of Faith at the rally. Ernest Rohm featured in it so most copies destroyed.
1934 the Nazis emphasised the oneness of Germany in the Rally of Unity and Strength. Triumph of the Will was filmed.
1935 Rally of Freedom celebrated breaking the Treaty of Versailles with the introduction of conscription
1936 celebrated the remilitarisation of the Rhineland in the Rally of Honour
1937 Rally of Labour celebrated reduction in unemployment
1938 Rally of Greater Germany celebrated Anschluss. Hitler insisted on the return of the Imperial Regalia of the old Holy Roman Empire from Vienna to Nuremberg. Hitler also used the occasion to put pressure on Czechoslovakia, Britain and France over the Sudetenland.
1939 Rally of Peace cancelled.
Rally used to push Nazi agenda, criticise the Weimar republic or blame Jews and Bolsheviks for Germany’s problems. Campaigns: At the 1935 Rally the Nuremberg laws against the Jews were passed at a special meeting of the Reichstag that was held there. 1936 launched the 4 year plan for economic self-sufficiency and an anti-Bolshevik crusade.
P 3: Propaganda
The rally’s were a propaganda event designed to win over the crowds with their grandeur and spectacle. As well as the size of the of the venues, some rallys had over 500,000 attendees, there were spectacles such as the cathedral of light with 130 giant searchlights pointed to the sky around the Zeppelin Field at night or the consecration of the flags ceremony in which Hitler used the Blood flag (the flag sanctified by the blood of those who lost thir lives in the Munich Punsch in 1923) or banner as a symbol of sacrifice and loyalty to the party and touched the new flags with it. 3 biggest flags of all time. Each part of the Nazi organisation presented themselves before Hitler over the 6 or 7 days of the rally - Hitler Youth, the German Women’s League, the Reich Labour Front, the SA and the SS and the Wehrmacht (armed forces). The Rallies served to promote Hitler’s cult of personality. At the beginning of Triumph of the Will Hitler descends in a plane from the clouds like a modern day saviour of his people. Hitler features prominently in the film and at its conclusion he is praised by Hess who says: “the party is Hitler! Hitler is Germany - just as Germany is Hitler! Sieg Heil! Sieg Heil! Sieg Heil!” To resounding cheers. On each day Hitler’s speech was the highlight of the occasion. “Every word dropped by Hitler seemed like an inspired word from on high. Man’s = or at least the German’s - critical faculty is swept away at such moments, and every lie pronounced is accepted as high truth itself” American journalist William Shirer.
P4: Riefenstahl and triumph of the will
In 1934 Hitler commissioned Leni Riefenstahl to film the Nuremberg Rally. Preparations for the rally were linked with preparations for the filming. Nuremberg became a giant stage with flags, banners, marches and torches. Riefenstahl used 30 cameramen and over 100 technicians. She also used planes, cranes, roller skates and tracking rails to shoot the documentary. In all 61 hours of footage was reduced to a 2 hour documentary called “Triumph of the Will”. At the premiere she was greeted coolly by party officials but even Goebbels, her greatest critic, realised it was an outstanding achievement and, in its way, far more effective propaganda for the Fuhrer and National Socialism than any other film yet made” (J Toland). Often regarded as a masterpiece of film propaganda, it was banned for over 50 years. Won awards. Brought the rallies to those who couldn’t attend.
conclusion
Recap the NB purposes and effects of the rallies.
Nuremberg had become a key symbol of the Nazis. This, along with its role as a centre of war production, led to massive Allied bombing which flattened much of the city. After the war the US army held a victory parade there and blew up the swastika which was behind the reviewing stand. The trials of the Nazi war criminals were deliberately held in the city.
Thursday 4 May 2023
Anglo-Irish Relations 1923-49
Read:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/io9o5aqvfftkkhl/Anglo-Irish-Relations1923-32.ppt?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/rcq45yamhs96nlv/Anglo-Irishrelations1922-1949.doc?dl=0
https://www.625points.com/2019/01/cosgrave-de-valera-anglo-irish-relations-leaving-cert-history.html
https://www.thinkswap.com/ie/leaving-cert/history/higher-level/anglo-irish-relations-under-de-valera
* http://www.gillbooks.ie/AcuCustom/Sitename/DAM/078/MI3_SE_02.pdf
Irish Governments Economic policies 1923-45
https://www.dropbox.com/s/85inqwdjpv35jz8/CumannnanGaedhael1922-1932.doc?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/eglhaq02k54ltzo/CumannnanGaedheal.doc?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/8ku7yrwaujzdvr2/Economicpolicies.doc?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/kwohq8ydgxu9zvr/TheeconomicpoliciesofIrishgovernment.doc?dl=0
Essay plan:
Friday 28 April 2023
Topic 3 The pursuit of sovereignty and the impact of partition, 1912-1949
Ireland: Topic 3 The pursuit of sovereignty and the impact of partition, 1912-1949
Answer one of the following questions:
2022
1. During the period 1912‐1920, what factors contributed to the partition of Ireland? (100)
2. How did the Unionist party in power respond to the challenges it faced, 1920‐1945? (100)
3. What was the impact of the Eucharistic Congress, 1932, on Irish life?
4. During the period 1923‐1945, why did Irish governments find it difficult to achieve economic success?
2021
1. During the period 1912-1921, what attempts were made to obtain self-government for Ireland, and to what extent were they successful? (100)
2. During the period 1923-1945, how effectively did Irish governments tackle the social and economic problems they faced? (100)
3. What were the successes and failures of Éamon de Valera as a political leader? (100)
4. What attempts were made to promote cultural identity in Ireland, North and South? Refer to one or more of the following: language; religion; education.
2019
1. What was the military and political significance of one or more of the following:
the 1916 Rising; the War of Independence; the Civil War? (100)
2. What were the main events of the Eucharistic Congress, 1932, and what was its significance for church and state? (100)
3. What was the impact on Northern Ireland of the world economic crisis of the inter‐war period and/or World War II? (100)
4. How did Anglo‐Irish relations develop during the period 1923‐1949?
2018
1. How did the Sinn Féin movement develop during the period 1912‐1923? (100)
2. Why were both the negotiations and the terms of the Anglo‐Irish Treaty, 1921,controversial? (100)
3. During the period 1922‐1945, how effective were the governments of both Cosgrave and de Valera in dealing with threats to the security of the state? (100)
4. During the period 1922‐1949, how successful were attempts to make independent Ireland a Gaelic and Catholic society?
2017
1. During the period 1912‐1920, which factors contributed most to the partition of Ireland? (100)
2. During the period 1922‐1939, who achieved more in Anglo‐Irish relations, Cosgrave or de Valera?Argue your case,referring to both. (100)
3. During the period 1922‐1949, how did the 1932 Eucharistic Congress and/or the state’s language and education policies contribute to Irish identity? (100)
4. What was the impact of World War II on Ireland, North and South?
2016
1. What were the main events in Dublin during the 1916 Rising, and was Ireland, in Yeats’phrase, ‘changed utterly’ as a result? (100)
2. Why did the conduct and outcome of the Treaty negotiations, October-December, 1921, prove contentious? (100)
3. During the period 1912-1940, what were the strengths and weaknesses of James Craig
as a political leader? (100)4. How well did Irish governments cope with the social and economic problems they faced, 1923-1945? (100)
2013
1. What were the fortunes of the Sinn Féin movement during the period 1912-1922? (100)
2. During the period 1922-1939, how successful were Irish governments in responding to the economic challenges they faced? (100)
3. How did Anglo-Irish relations develop under Éamon de Valera, 1932-1945? 4. What was the impact of World War II on Ireland, North and South? (100)
2012
1. How did the threat and use of physical force affect Ireland during the period 1912-1923? (100)
2. How did the government of Northern Ireland deal with economic problems and/or threats to security, 1920-1945? (100)
3. What was the significance of the Eucharistic Congress, 1932? (100)
4. How did Anglo-Irish relations develop during the period 1923-1949? (100)
2011
1. What did one or more of the following contribute to Irish affairs: Patrick Pearse; Arthur Griffith; Countess Markievicz?
2. How did the Irish government contribute to the consolidation of democracy, 1922-1932?
3. What were the strengths and weaknesses of Éamon de Valera as a political leader? (100)
4. What was the impact on Northern Ireland of international developments during the period 1932-1945?
2010
1. During the period 1912-1920, what factors contributed to the partition of Ireland?
2. Who handled Anglo-Irish relations better, W. T. Cosgrave or Éamon de Valera? Argue your case, referring to both.
3. To what extent did the 1932 Eucharistic Congress and/or the language and education policies of Irish governments promote Irish cultural identity?
4. How did the Unionist Party in power respond to the challenges posed by the existence of a substantial nationalist minority within Northern Ireland?
2009
1. Why were the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations controversial?
2. What were the main social and economic challenges facing Northern Ireland, 1920-1945?
3. During the period 1932-1945, which did Éamon de Valera manage better, the economy or Anglo-Irish relations? Argue your case, referring to both.
4. What attempts were made to promote cultural identity, North and South, during the period, 1912-1945?
2008
1. To what extent was the Anglo-Irish Treaty, 1921, responsible for the Irish Civil War?
2. What steps did Irish governments take to consolidate democracy, 1923-1945?
3. What was the significance of the Eucharistic Congress, 1932, for the Irish Free State?
4. How well did the Unionist Party manage the affairs of Northern Ireland, 1920-1939?
2007
1. What were the aims and achievements of Patrick Pearse?
2. How did Anglo-Irish relations develop during the period 1923 – 1949?
3. How was cultural identity promoted in Ireland, North and South, between 1920 and 1949?
4. Following the experience of war, to what extent was the Belfast of 1945 different from that of 1939?
2006
1. From 1912 onwards, what factors contributed to the partition of Ireland, 1920?
2. Between 1922 and 1932, what steps did the Cosgrave governments take to establish the Irish Free State on firm foundations?
3. How well did Ireland, North and/or South, deal with the social and economic problems presented by World War II?
To what extent were language, religion and education used to promote Irish cultural identity during the period, 19
Friday 24 March 2023
efforts to promote cultural identity (language, religion and education) north and south essay samples and plans
http://www.theirishstory.com/2011/02/23/the-tailteann-games-1924-1936/#.VlMQVHbhCM-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5FKzyvzNco
plans and notes:
To what extent were language, religion and education used to promote cultural identity 1920-49?
Notes on Language, religion and culture
https://www.dropbox.com/s/j7l89kxishll21u/TheFreeState-languagereligionandcult.doc?dl=0
What attempts were made to promote cultural identity, north and south, during the period,1912-1945
What was the significance of the Eucharistic Congress?
powerpoints
https://www.dropbox.com/s/kadxfgt45qvgr14/31st-Eucharistic-Congress-19321.ppt?dl=0#
https://www.dropbox.com/s/glx3tsl4hapnthx/Eucharistic%20Congress%20Mitchell.ppt?dl=0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKR7olqpL80
notes
https://www.dropbox.com/s/jpd5746zcga8fcb/handout-the-eucharistic-congress-1932.doc?dl=0
sample essays/plans
Tuesday 14 March 2023
To what extend did the Anglo-Irish Treaty cause the Civil war?
Intro: the controversial Anglo-Irish Treaty led in large part to a bloody Civil War. To understand the extent to which the Treaty was responsible for the outbreak of war, we must first analyse the atmosphere at the time as well as what made the Treaty so divisive and how these and other issues resulted in the violent fallout.
P1. Not only cause. SF made up of many different groups. Dev and DLG preliminary talks demonstrated that full independence and Ireland outside of the commonwealth/empire was not acceptable, (explain conservative majority in gov) thus some sort of compromise was necessary and this wasn't acceptable to hardliners eg stack and brugha. thus it could be argued that even before the Treaty talks began, Civil War was inevitable because of the complexities of the situation and the attitudes of hardliners.
P2. controversy surrounding the Irish delegation. DeV not going. reasons. reference historians - Ronan Fanning and Tim Pat Coogan. Led to view could have got more. This exacerbated the divisiveness of the Treaty, led to split in cabinet and lack of trust, eg childers DeV's spy.
P3. The instructions and title of the delegation would also lead to increased divisions that contributed to civil war. Penitentiaries but had to report back to dublin. Details of last cabinet meeting in dublin. signing under treat of immediate and terrible war. reaction to signing from DeV, Stack and Brugha. Raised in Dail debates, been duped, could have brought back more.
P4. The terms of the treaty. views of the anti-treaty side, esp. oath, ports. few mentioned the north. unacceptable to hardliners.
P5. The Dáil debates, nasty and personal. impact of Christmas and changes of heart after talking to the people. outcome of the vote.
P6. The actions of Eamon De Valera. split of SF. Speeches, "through rivers of blood".
P7. Divisions amongst the IRA. Army convention. taking over of barracks around the country.
P8. Anti-treaty IRA take over the four courts and other buildings. Failure to address this immediately - explain and comment from book about how swift action may have led to an alternative to civil war.
P9. Efforts at compromise. DeV-Collins pact, explain reason for it. explain new constitution and why Collins broke the pact. How this led to resentment and anger, DeV didn't think people understood what the they voted for. outcome of election.
P10. After election Collins felt he had people's backing to act against anti-treaty. The immediate causes of the civil war. execution of Wilson and capture of JJ O'Connell. British threaten action if prov gov don't.
Conclusion: The blame for the violence does not lie squarely with the Anglo-Irish Treaty, though it was the primary cause. SF was a divided organisation. The actions of Eamon De Valera, the controversies surrounding the Irish delegation as well as divisions among the IRA and the attitude of hardline republicans also played a part.
Treaty Essay Plans
To what extend was the Anglo-Irish Treaty Successful?
Intro: Accessing the successfulness of the AIT is dependent on one's perspective. Following the agreed Truce on 11th of July 1921, both sides entered into negotiations with very different views on what was an acceptable outcome. For the Irish full independence and a united Irish republic was sought while the British Ireland had to remain within the Empire. While the treaty failed to deliver either a united ireland or an independent republic what it did deliver was significantly more that the Home Rule that was sought by the majority of Irish a few short years before. This essay will examine the extent to which the treaty can be deemed successful.
P1. Success dependant on strength of the delegation. DeV reasons for not going. Who went. (see sample essay with colour.
P2. Success was hampered by the mis-match of experience (see sample essay with colour)
P3. Lack of prep and a plan by Irish. Failure to explain/understand/sell External Assoication
P4. Dominion status. The pro-treaty view (from sample essay with colour)
P5. Partition
P6. The signing and the terms of the treaty. Additional offers, Change of oath details and fiscal autonomy. Why they signed.
P7. Reaction in the Dail. Pro treaty view. success because...
P8. Reaction in the Dail. Anti treaty view. failure because...
P9. Success and failings of the Treaty seen in years that followed. Boundary commission in 1924.
Commonwealth conferences - Balfour declaration and Statues of Westminister
Conclusion: largely a success. reasons.
To what extent was the AIT controversial?
Intro: It was highly controversial. Provide background of truce and negotiations between DeV and DLGeorge. Many aspects of the negotiations and the treaty itself would prove controversial and it ultimately led to a split in SF and the IRA and contributed to the Civil War.
P1. Choice of delegation. DeV not going. reasons.
P2. Powers of the delegates. Mixed messages, title of Plenipotentiaries.
P3. location and difference of experience of both teams of negotiators. Controversy of British negotiating with murders.
P4. Sovereignty/External association. Irish delegation with little detail to plan and no plan B.
P5. Subcommittees/welsh wizard/divide and conquer
P6. Partition. Gov of Ireland Act 1920. Griffith agrees to position within the empire in writing. acceptance of boundary commission as it would deliver, took DLG word for it.
P7. Blackmail. threat of war. signing.
P8. controversial seen as it split SF. cabinet, vote. Terms and pro-treaty arguments
P9. Anti-Treaty arguments. Treaty controversial, esp. oath to British crown, betrayal of republic and those who died for it. 6 women. other egs.
P10. vote. DeV's actions. election - contribution to civil war.
Conclusion. Very. recap main points. add some new info re future - boundary commission not delivering what was expected.
Thursday 9 March 2023
The Treaty essays
Notes:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/l9hlvstfi41wiht/11%20csov%20and%20par%2011Treaty%20debates%20pdf.pdf?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/9qpilai9qodrmbd/from_treaty_to.ppt?dl=0
Essays: Successful?
https://www.dropbox.com/s/wdv4beezmrmqadf/How-successful-were-the-Anglo.docx?dl=0
Contribute to Civil War?
Controversial? and civil war:
Main issues?
https://www.dropbox.com/s/gbkjgjzcpmbqifh/treaty%20negotiations%20sample%20essay.pdf?dl=0
Tuesday 7 March 2023
Essay Plan: The fortunes of Sinn Fein 1905-1923/How did Sinn Fein movement develop 1912-1923?
Intro: Set up on 1905, by 1910 in decline. incorrect association with rising led to a spike in popularity and a reorganisation to create the 2nd sinn fein party. Republican in nature which set up the First Dail and fought the war of independence. Following this achievement the party was to be divided due to the Anglo-Irish Treaty which resulted in the Civil War. Sinn Fein became the bases of the 2 major political parties in Irish politics.
P1. Association with the Rising.
P2. 2nd Sinn Fein. Ard-Fheis and reorganisation, link with volunteers
P3. Aims: replace HR party as most popular. Convention.
P4.Conscription Crisis, note increase in membership and support.
P5. German plot
P6. 1918 Election. why they won - organised, voting, women, labour, first past the post - results
P7. The first Dail. abstentionism. it's actions.
P8. War. Media. Negotiations. see sample essay.
P9. The treaty, aims, outcomes and the split of the party and civil war.
Conclusion: recap fortunes, small to upturn due to mistakes, rise in popularity culminating in election of 1918. success to get truce and negotiations with British gov, divisions due to treaty.
Tuesday 28 February 2023
Why did Sinn Fein win the 1918 Election?
Intro: Founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith Sinn Fein was a small party with little influence on the political scene but a mistaken association with the Easter Rising of 1916 was to reinvigorate the party and see it grow into the biggest political party in Ireland after the 1918 general election.
P1. Early Sinn Fein 1905-1910 (1916). pages 106/107 (chapter 8: under new forms of nationalism)
P2. Association with the Rising (the revival of Sinn Fein pg 143)
P3. Second Sinn Fein and the Ard-Fheis and organisation (page 143-4)
P4. The Irish Convention (page 144)
P5. The decline of the Home Rule Party
P6. The German plot
P7. The conscription Crisis
P8. Labour did not contest the election
P9. Voting, new voters, women
P10. Results
Conclusion: recap on NB reasons, include decline of HR, actions of the British Government, Association with the Rising etc
https://www.dropbox.com/s/a28oxevd09c1haj/whysf%20won%20the%201918%20election.doc?dl=0
Fortunes of Sinn Fein 1900-1923
Wednesday 11 January 2023
Jarrow
https://www.dropbox.com/s/qvo3iljidj27bmw/SEANdELAP.pptx?dl=0
(read for Jarrow, but also useful for elements of challenges essay e.g. Abdication crisis)
(read for some useful elements re challenges essay e.g. rationing)
Sample studyclix essay on Jarrow: https://studyclixsaielive.blob.core.windows.net/cms/media/questionResources/b2b2c55e-456d-4c79-beee-babfde15568d.pdf
Jarrow (simple notes): https://www.dropbox.com/s/t0gp1dwwcqfs4m5/handout-jarrow-crusade.doc?dl=0
Jarrow Essay plan: What were the causes and the consequences of the Jarrow March, October, 1936?
Based primarily from Sean Delap ppt above.
Intro: address question, March took place when, its purpose, due to mass structural unemployment number of causes (name some) and although remembered to this day and had good media coverage it ultimately failed to achieve its goal to meet prime minister or create significant work in Jarrow.
P1 Cause 1: hungry thirties (slide 2-3 and book)
P2 Problems with shipbuilding (competition, failure to modernise) (slides 6-8 and book)
P3 Palmers and the NSS (slides 9-10 and book)
P4 The March itself, only 1 paragraph, focus on why it was different, crusade, not hunger march, communist element, well behaved, band, dog, positive media coverage, cross party support. (slide 11 and book and second ppt above addresses this well)
P5 Little impact/success. Bad timing. Gov distracted with FP, and lots of other marches. (slides 13/14)
P6 Arrival in London, disperse, fail to meet Baldwin, gov anti marches. (slides 15/16/17)
P7 A false dawn. anti-hero John Jarvis announced jobs but few came to fruition in practice but newspaper headlines the next day suggested problem was solved. (slides 18/19)
P8 return/ reaction at home. dole cut. gov amalgamate and make it appear as if some improvement took place. (slides 16/20 and book)
P9 Impact: some minor success but proper employment only provided due to rearmament late 1930's. (slides 21/22 and book)
conclusion: redress question. Address causes and consequences. led to long term social change, welfare state (slide 22 and book)
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