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What were the main Social and Economic changes in Northern Ireland 1943-1969?
Essay plan:
Intro: points to make: The period of 1943-1969 in NI was a time of great social and economic unrest. The concept of economic planning was also introduced in this period to help combat the decline of jobs in traditional industries such as linen and shipping. Tensions between Catholics and Protestants penetrated all aspect of life. The two PMs (Brookeborough and O'Neill) during this period had varying success in dealing with these problems faced. In 1945 the British began to instate the new Welfare State in NI as well as Britain. This concept of caring for citizens from the 'cradle to the grave' would have huge economic and social impact. Under the system free education, healthcare and social welfare was provided which significantly improved the lives of Catholics in particular who suffered discrimination at the hands of the Unionist government. The provisions of the welfare state in many cases benefitted Protestants and this lead to increased tension between catholics and protestants and resulted in further social problems.
P1. general paragraph on the welfare state
P2. health NHS, TB, the mater
P3. housing
P4. education.
P5. Social welfare.
P6. Economy under Brookeborough (pg333 and 334 and 336)
P7. Economy under O'Neill 1(pg337 and 338)
P8. Economy under O'Neill 2(pg337 and 338)
P9 Catholic grievances and civil rights marches lead to violence
Conclusion: Overall I think both governments had varying success in dealing with social and economic problems in this period and that a huge number of changes were brought into the country. While Brookebourough oversaw positive social changes in NI this was little to do with his own successes as this was the British Labor Party's idea and they took care of the bill. Both PMs failed to integrate the Catholic minority and many of their actions raised tensions. The Welfare state helped somewhat to appease the Catholic nationalists. I think that O'Neill's economic planning was a huge change as it greatly helped the economy while also failing to address the segregation which caused problems in everyday life and would eventually lead to enormous social unrest and much violence.
sample essay: (copy and paste into searchbar)
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wgocgZ456xXJvEPxflKl9YEkLfK6gw2O/view
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1J5fY2-xdkTpjQRUfbM8_UF0EkVjPikkP/view
Past exam questions:
2020
During the period 1949-1969, how effectively did Northern Irish governments respond to the social and economic problems they faced?
2017
What were the main social and economic problems facing Northern Ireland, 1949‐1969, and how effectively were they tackled?
2016
During the period 1949-1969, how successful was the government of Northern Ireland in responding to problems posed by the economy and/or community relations?
2015
Would you agree that there was considerable social and economic change in Northern Ireland, 1949-1969, but that nothing changed politically?
2014
What were the main social and economic changes that took place in Northern Ireland, 1949-1993?
2008
How successful was the government of Northern Ireland in responding to social and economic problems, 1949-1969?
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